KETENANGAN JIWA
1. understanding of the soul
In language, soul comes from the word psyche , which means spirit, life or means of thinking. [1] In Arabic it is called "nefs" . [2] Imam Ghazaliu said that souls are people with a psychological essence. This is his personality and psychological essence. [3] Meanwhile, according to the philosophers who followed Plotinus (the Greek philosopher), as narrated by Abbas Mahmud Al Aggad in the people revealed in the Qur'an , according to them, the soul is synonymous with the force that creates movement/branches and life. . living, that is, a force other than physical matter that can grow, reproduce and reproduce, the level of its will is higher than inanimate matter and lower than the soul, the soul cannot move from its place. [4]
So from a psychological point of view, according to Wasty Soemanto, the soul is the inner force that guides the human body and behavior, the soul develops attitudes and qualities that lead to behavior. Similarly, the relationship between the function of the soul and behavior can be seen in the behavior in which the functioning of the soul can be seen. [5]
From the above explanations it can be understood that the soul is an abstract spiritual force that acts as a driving force for people and becomes a symbol of perfection. man Because a person without a soul cannot be called a perfect person.
The soul develops the attitudes and qualities that drive visible behavior. Because you can only observe the work of the soul through behavior true This includes the meaning of the soul. all parties CHRISTIAN PROPERTY according to people, among others; heart, mind, intellect and feelings.
2. The definition of calm.
The word tranquility consists of the words peace and spirit . The word Serenity itself comes from the word calmness which takes the suffix in ke . Silent means not changing (not yet moving); not nervous, not anxious, not confused, not noisy, confident and secure (about feelings, situations, etc.). Tranquility, heart, mind, tranquility. [6]
At the same time, the soul is the inner life of the whole person, that is, an element of life, an abstract spiritual force that fulfills the function of guiding the person and becomes a symbol of human perfection (from the heart, feelings, thoughts and dreams). The word comfort can also be interpreted as the ability to adapt to oneself, other people, society and the environment, as well as the environment in which one lives. So people should understand the factors in their life and not feel the pressures that lead to disappointment. [7]
So peace or mental health is mental health, mental well-being or mental health. A person with a calm and peaceful soul means one who does not suffer from the slightest mental disorder to experience balance in his spiritual functions or to think positively and is wise and adaptable in dealing with problems. able to feel the joy of living and the current situation.
This is in line with Zakiah Daradjat's view that mental health is the realization of true harmony between the mental factor and the ability to face common problems and feel positive towards happiness and abilities. [8]
Kartini Kartono said that the main theme of mental hygiene is how people resolve internal complications caused by various difficulties in life and try to achieve a pure soul in the sense of not worrying about various types of stress and fear. and conflict [9]
Based on some of the above considerations, it can be understood that a mentally healthy person or a person with a peaceful soul is one who has balance and harmony in his mental functions, who has a well-integrated personality and who can accept and to face what is. realities and is able to face life's challenges with confidence and courage and adapt (adapt) to the environment.
Therefore, a person with a calm mind is a person who can perform his mental functions in harmony and order, achieving a well-integrated personality, because a well-integrated personality can easily recover from various types of tension and internal conflicts naturally and automatically. . a solution based on priority and hierarchy, so you will easily achieve equality and the soul will be in a state of calm and balance.
3. -Factors that cause calmness
Everyone wants to live their life with complete happiness, peace of mind and body. As for a quiet soul, As in verses 27-28 of Surah Faqhr of the Holy Quran:
يآيُّهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ. No ج {Al Fakhr: 27-28}
oh soul Those who easily turn to their Lord and rejoice with Him. [10] (Sabah, 27-28)
It is clear from the above verse that people whose souls are peaceful will find happiness in Allah. Enter in Enter in his paradise with with this everything which He did it only to get the approval of Allah SWT Regardless of whether the work he does is in accordance with God's commands or not, he first believes that all his actions are good because they are based only on the goal of gaining God's approval. He prefers things of a spiritual nature, which can fill his soul, and is not inclined to seek worldly pleasures of a carnal nature. Such a person, if he has wealth, will not take anything other than what is his, and if he has patience and trust in God.
According to Imam al-Ghazali, a peaceful soul is a soul imbued with attributes that lead to happiness and bliss. These include gratitude, patience, fear of punishment, love of God, obedience to God's laws, hope for reward and responsibility for life's actions, etc. These are the characteristics. Features that keep you safe. [eleven]
According to Zakiah Daradjat and Kartini Kartono, there are several factors that influence peace that people who want to achieve peace must adhere to, including:
THE the religious factor
Religion is a (psychic) need of the human soul that regulates and controls attitudes, behaviors and the way we face all problems. [12]
There are prohibitions in religion that must be avoided because they have negative effects on human life. The hearts of truly believing and God-fearing people are not filled with fear and anxiety. He was sure that his faith and devotion would bring peace and inner peace. Sword of God:
الَّذِيْنَ ??? {Examples: 29}
Those who believe and do good deeds. [13] (Rejection, 29)
Practicing religion (worship) in daily life can protect people from anxiety and fear. Among the various forms of worship available, namely prayer, psychologically, the more you pray and trust in God, the calmer your heart will be, because prayer itself has a spiritual-religious (spiritual) power that in itself it creates trust. You know confidence and optimism, so you are excited about the future. Moreover, the main purpose of prayer is to have a mass of listeners, to bring them closer to God, so that happiness and peace arise in their lives.
b. Satisfy human needs
Peace can be felt when human needs are physical and psychological. If these needs are not met, anger will arise in the soul, disrupting the tranquility of life.
According to Katini Kartono, the needs that people must meet are as follows:
1) Satisfy basic needs, because every person should have impulses for their basic needs. These basic needs require satisfaction to calm the soul and if these needs are met, they will reduce mental tension.
2) To achieve satisfaction, everyone wants physical and psychological satisfaction, such as being fed, safe and secure, sexually satisfied, wanting sympathy and recognition of their worth. In short, I want to be happy in all areas.
3) The position of the social situation, each individual always tries to find a social position in his environment. Everyone needs love and affection. Because love and sympathy create a sense of security and courage to be optimistic and confident. [14]
According to Zakiah Daradjat, six souls are required which if not fulfilled will lead to mental stress. The needs of the soul are:
1) love
2) a sense of security
3) sense of self-worth
4) feeling free
5) a sense of accomplishment
6) interest [fifteen]
The explanation is as follows:
1) love
The feeling of love is an important need of the soul for a person, therefore, if the people around him are not deprived of love, this will cause disturbances in his soul. However, the loss of people's love does not dry up the soul of those who believe in God, who is merciful and compassionate.
2) a sense of security
A sense of security is also a lesser need of the soul. The soul, wealth and position of the threatened person will be disturbed and this will cause stress. If Allah Ta'ala is with him, of course, he will always protect the sense of security.
3) sense of self-worth
A sense of self-respect is also a need of the human soul, which if not fulfilled, will be fatal to suffering. Many people feel humiliated, hurt and unappreciated in society, especially because of wealth, inherited status, etc. Of course, it needs to be addressed. But in fact, the essence lies in a person's faith and righteous works.
4) feeling free
The desire to be free is one of the basic needs of the soul. Everyone wants to express their feelings the way they want. But, of course, everyone has limits and rules, so that the rights of others are not violated. True freedom can only be found in our relationship with Allah SWT
5) a sense of accomplishment
One of the needs of the soul is a sense of accomplishment. Failure will lead to disappointment and even destroy self-confidence. Islam forbids people not to despair. Not getting what you want doesn't mean it's not good. Even failure would be better if people knew why they failed and learned from failure.
6) interest
Curiosity also includes basic needs of the soul, which, if met, will influence behavior. People will be unhappy if they don't get information about the knowledge they are looking for. However, due to its limitations, all this knowledge cannot be known.
[3] PRIEST Ghazali, The Miracle of the Heart, (translation) Nur Hijma, from The Magic of El Kalbi, (Jakarta: Tirta Mas, 1984), p. 3.
[4] Abbas Mahmud Al-Aggad, the person who revealed the Quran, (Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus, 1991), p. 38
[6] painting equipment Dictionary Construction Center And development language, Large Indonesian dictionary , printed. iv, (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1993), p. 927
[9] Kartini Kartono and Xheni Andari, Garbiketa SPIRIT and health SPIRIT In Islam , (Bandung: Mandar Maju, 1989), page 4.
[10] Muhammad Noor, et al., op. cit. , p. 475
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